民族国家作为世界政治体系单元，怎样在冲突与协调、竞争与合作的国际关系中实现国家利益最
大化是民族国家发展中的重大问题。民族国家自身以及国家内部各民族群体都是一个社会行为体，是整体与个
体利益并存的共同体，都具有经济民族主义取向，这是民族国家不可回避的现实。从理性选择角度研究国际制
度如何影响国内社会行为体的利益和政策偏好，进而考察经济全球化与经济民族主义如何相互影响、民族认同
与国家认同如何互动、共同体利益与制度约束如何互嵌。从利益共同体的角度探究民族国家发展中对外经济政
策的价值取向。

       面对“新常态”经济发展要求，探寻中国经济增长动力源是值得关注的焦点。本文在梳理经济增长动力问题基础上，提炼出支撑中国经济增长的九个因素，并通过牛顿第二定律解释了影响中国经济增长的动力问题，且基于灰色关联度模型，对影响经济增长的强弱程度进行剖析，寻找支撑中国经济增长的动力源。最终得出两个结论：第一，1998～2012年，推动中国经济增长的主要动力来自于投资、消费和技术投入环节，其次为金融、劳动投入、城镇化改革，而净出口、FDI和经济结构三个环节影响偏弱；第二，引入牛顿第二定律，并通过灰色关联度分析，可以解释经济现象中的动力问题，找出经济发展根本动力，在方法及实践上是可行的。

Abstract: We focus on the influences of metropolitan spatial structures on economic performance using panel data of 12 metropolitan areas in China. We propose to measure metropolitan spatial structure by two indexes, Locational Gini Index and Centrality Index, standing for agglomeration level and agglomeration structure respectively. Using this method, we have quantified spatial structures of these 12 metropolitan areas and analyzed their main features. Furthermore, we use panel data models to explore how metropolitan structures affect economic performances. We have four major conclusions. First of all, we find that the spatial structures of the 12 metropolitan areas we focus are relatively stable across time, which is in accordance with previous research results. Besides, we find a negative relation between Centrality Index and economic performance, thus leading to the conclusion that a dominant central city is not a high-efficiency structure. Third, we can note that most of these metropolitan areas are high both in Locational Gini Index and Centrality Index. Using fixed-effect regression models, we find that agglomeration level has an inverted U-shaped effect on economic performances, indicating that agglomeration per se has a two-sided effect on the progress of economic development, and there exists an optimal agglomeration level as for the economic development of a specific metropolitan area. By adding an interaction variable into the regression model, we conclude that the economic productivity of agglomeration level and agglomeration structure interacts. When considering the effect of agglomeration on economic performances, we should take both into consideration. In all, we can conclude that a polycentric structure brings more efficiency for economic development of metropolitan areas.

Abstract: Today, conflicts and coordinations of Chinese energy development and economic growth coexist. On the one hand there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between them, showing the strong relevance, but on the other hand contradictions between the industrial structure and energy development are prominent, meanwhile excessive and unreasonable use of energy leads to high economic costs. This paper constructs the indicator system of comprehensive development level, makes use of principal component analysis and fuzzy sets method to carry on the calculation of energy-economy coordination degree. Empirical results indicate that: during the year of 2000-2012, the general coordinate level of energy-economy of China is moderate. The average coordination degree is 0.7083. However, many factors such as the domestic macro economic situation, resource bottleneck constraints, the international financial crisis etc result in the high volatility of the coordination degree. We still have a far way to go to realize the development target of the stable and quality coordination. We suggest the government should implement the model system of “enterprise champion leads development”, increase the support to the third industry, vigorously develop non conventional oil, reform the appraisal method on state-owned enterprises, as well as orderly guide the international industrial transfer in order to further improve the coordinate condition of the Chinese energy development and economic growth.

创新驱动发展战略的科学实施离不开科技创新支撑作用的有效发挥，然而学界当前缺乏对创新
驱动发展战略与科技创新支撑的内涵、关系等方面的梳理。本研究首先对创新驱动发展战略与科技创新支撑
的相关概念进行了辨析，然后指出二者间存在的相互关系，即：创新驱动发展战略与科技创新支撑二者之间
是“决定”与“支撑”的关系；创新驱动发展战略与科技创新支撑作用的发挥都必须“以人为本”；创新驱
动发展战略的实施可以同时实现“经济绩效”和“环境绩效”，而科技创新支撑体系要通过促进创新驱动发
展战略的有效实施，进而实现上述目标。最后提出政府要充分发挥“放、管、服”改革及“看得见的手” 的
作用，利用政策引导、市场倒逼、平台建设等手段，推动创新驱动发展战略的实施，及科技创新支撑作用的
发挥。

Abstract: Based on Chinese monthly data for 2001-2015, by using of time series econometric model, the relationship between money supply, asset prices and economic growth with stock price and real estate price as proxy variable of asset prices is analyzed. The empirical test reveals that the money supply shock have obvious effect on the asset prices, especially on real estate price which continues to expanse and shunt large amount of money supply; mutual influence between money supply and real estate price is demonstrated, but the interaction between money supply and stock price is smaller; the rising of the assets price cannot promote economic growth effectively；stock price and real estate price influence each other. Therefore, focusing on the changes of asset prices, strengthening profitability of the real economy, promoting the reform of financial system, establishing information platform by using Big Data, and building cash flow monitoring system are important choices to guide funds into the real economy.

Abstract: The so-called “Double-transfer strategy” is actually the re-arrangement in space of the allocation of the industries and labors in a given area by the government in a hope to improve the efficiency as well as to optimize the regional economic structure. There are two alternative paths for the government to implement the double-transfer, namely, the operation by administration, and the operation by willingness. Based on the center-outskirts model, this paper analyzes the possible paths for the strategy and concludes that implementing the double-transfer strategy on the economic actor’s willingness by creating “attractive conditions” for the industries and labors to move, is a logical and practical path for the government take. It’s also concluded that the improvement of the transportation and the clearly different functions between government and firms during the process of the double-transfer are important for the realization of the strategy, which is verified by the evidence from Guangdong Province.

（１西南民族大学经济学院，成都６１００４１；２四川大学公共管理学院，成都６１００４１）

以“一带一路”为背景，利用２００１－２０１６年ＵＮＣＯＭＴＲＡＤＥ数据库提供的数据，探讨了中国与
“一带一路”沿线国家木质林产品贸易的特征、比较优势、产品国际市场占有率、影响因素、贸易潜力等相
关问题。研究表明：中国与沿线国家木质林产品贸易流量逐年攀升，关系愈加紧密；中国与沿线国家相比木
质林产品国际市场占有率较高，但比较优势不明显， “大而不强” 仍是中国木质林产品贸易的主要问题；中
国与沿线国家木质林产品贸易潜力差异显著，有相当一部分国家与我国贸易潜力巨大，证明中国与“一带一
路”沿线国家木质林产品贸易有较大发展空间。

人力资本集聚存在显著的空间依赖性。本文运用Ｇｅｔｉｓ空间过滤模型考察２００１～２０１５年间区域
人力资本集聚及空间溢出对产业结构转型升级的影响和贡献，研究发现：从人力资本集聚效应对产业结构转
型升级的影响和贡献来看，东部地区最强、东北和中部地区次之、西部地区最弱；而从人力资本空间溢出效
应对产业结构转型升级的影响和贡献来看，除东部地区之外的其他地区，能够利用区位优势充分吸收人力资
本空间溢出的发展红利，带动产业结构实现调整和升级。作为对策，本文对东部地区的职责定位进行了针对
性的分析，对其他地区的发展方向做了进一步的的解读，同时提出要打造有效的区域间人力资本合作和交流
的平台。

The change of labor income share depends on the actual average wage and social labor productivity which are both influenced by many factors. So influence factors of labor income share includes ownership structure, technological progress, economic growth, industrial structure change and power of the unions. The results calculated according to the adjusted cash flow data shows that China's labor income share is on the decline from 56.62% in 1992 to 50.86% in 2013. According to the empirically analysis of influence factor in China, China's labor income share has negative correlation with real per capita GDP and total factor productivity growth rate. Then it has positive correlation with the proportion of public sector and power of the unions. We can improve our country's labor income share by several measures including improving the main body status of the public sector, optimizing the industrial structure upgrade and enhance the role of trade unions.

Based on the challenges and opportunities of the situation at home and abroad, how to use the integration of various strategic platform, build the network of relationship between foreign trade and investment cooperation, and actively participate in regional cooperation and globalization, become the important practical problem to China’s strategy of opening up. As the platform economy becoming China's focus on opening to the outside world, this paper strengthen the integration of platform to promote China's foreign trade and investment integration level from economic theory and policy practice. Based on the overall judgment of China's foreign trade and investment development, this paper proposes to the construction ideas, stage strategy and policy recommendations from the dimensions of trade, location and government intermediary platform, which will enhance the level of China’s foreign trade and investment integration.

This article tries to build financial security monitoring framework based on network public opinion which include the selection of sources of information, expert selection, text opinion extraction and synthesis index. We verify the feasibility of this framework through mining advices of a few financial experts. In addition, we also construct traditional financial security index which is compared with expert opinion index as the objective measure. Results show that the sensitivity of expert opinion index is better. This framework provides a new reference for financial crisis early warning.

Based on the perspective of vertical specialization, this paper clarifies the mechanism how servitization of intermediate inputs in manufacturing influences the position of Chinese manufacturing industries in global value chains, and empirically tests the impact by an industry panel data .The results indicate that the influence of input servitization on Chinese manufacturing industries’ position in global value chain is generally positive, as well as other factors including the opening up of industries, profit growth, the moderate scale of financing and capital intensity, but not high nationalization and excessive competition. Further investigation reveals that there exists industry heterogeneity in terms of the impact of servitization of intermediate inputs in manufacturing on the upgrading of each industry in global value chains. Specifically，the positive effects are more significant in industries with higher share of components trade other than semi-product trade. Besides, compared with the high technology industry, the more significant the positive effects play in low technology industry. In view of this, our country should conform to the trend of the global service economy, complete the top-level design on macroeconomic policies, and make full use of the induced effect of servitization on the manufacturing industry structure transformation and upgrading, to push up the value chain of Chinese manufacturing and enhance its international competitiveness.

Using the multinational sample from 1978 to 2011, this essay examines the impact of urbanization on household consumption, and explores the mechanism that how does urbanization affect household consumption. The results indicate that urbanization has a significant positive effect on per capita household consumption. Urbanization can indirectly affect per capita household consumption through economic growth and economic structure.

We need to find the answer to “mystery of missing trade” from the institutional factors for traditional international trade theory cannot give full explanation for the phenomenon. High institutional quality would lower the cost of cross-nation transaction and bad one, on the other hand, would impede the trade just like invisible trade barrier. So institutional quality is the source of comparative advantage. Some informal institutions such as cultural tradition and societal trust also act as important factors of international trade. Existing researches deal mainly with some formal institutions which leaves the room to study on the informal institutions. The researches on expanding and deepening the effects of informal institutions on the trade are expected be brought forth by setting up an overall framework which includes both formal and informal institutions and digs systematically deeper about these effects and mechanisms. In doing so, the effects of the quality of institutions on the trade could be expounded in an all-round way.

本文选取中西部地区１７个省市２０００－２０１４年的投入产出面板数据，利用共同前沿数据包络方法（ＭｅｔａＦｒｏｎｔｉｅｒ－ＤＥＡ）测算非传统地理划分下的中西部区域能源效率。结果表明：在新分类下，中西部地区能源效率均存在下降趋势，说明该地区能源效率利用状况亟待改善；中西部省份之间存在能源效率差异，区域间的技术落差比率差距导致了区域间能源效率差距拉大。本文利用Ｔｏｂｉｔ模型探究了对外开放程度、城市化率、政府规制、产业结构对能源效率的影响，结果显示上述解释变量对中西部地区能源效率存在影响，但在区域之间存在差异。根据回归结果，本文提出中西部地区在加大城市化进程时，须提高当地的生产技术水平，并且加大对高耗能产业的治理支出等政策建议。

In this paper, the method of cointegration test is adopted and the VAR model is established with the monthly data from January 2000 to December 2015. Impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis are used to explore how the fluctuation of RMB exchange rate affects inflation. The empirical results show that RMB exchange rate fluctuation is the main factor that affects inflation in the long run.The RMB exchange rate movement has significant influence on the CPI and the appreciation of the RMB is conducive to reduce the domestic consumer price; in the short run, the low positive correlation is showed between exchange rate fluctuation and other variables and the appreciation of the RMB can cause the slight increase of CPI and PPI.

The running of the macroeconomic relates to the overall situation of the country’s stability and development, it has significant impact on a country. Investment, export and consumption, as “three carriages” that stimulate economic growth, their trends and fluctuations have great impact on the running of the economics. For the growth rate of GDP is measured by quarter, but the growth rates of investment, export and consumption are measured by month, so we use the Mixed Data Sampling regression models to analyze China's macro economy and make short-term forecasts combine with the fact that China’s economy has great lolatility. Research results show that MIDAS models have certain advantages in the accuracy of short-term forecasts of China's macro economy; Declining growth rates of investment and export are the main causes of China’s macro economy downturn. So we need to reflect traditional “three carriages” thought and advance supply side reform in order to keep China’s macro economy’s sound and fast development.

By the application of new economic geography theory framework this paper extends the urban economic growth model, analyzes the agglomeration effect and crowded effectiveness influence on urban scale. By introducing public services and housing prices factors into crowded function, then introducing crowded function into the growth function, building the theoretical model of steady state evolution path analysis. The model shows that urban size will eventually converge to appropriate size, and proper size is dynamic, going with city savings rate, depreciation rate, housing prices, and basic public service level, beyond that the administrative level also affects the appropriate scale of the city. By taking advantage of China's 35 cities in 2003-2012 panel data to take empirical analysis and using System-GMM, the result is in accordance with the basic theoretical model that house prices and basic public services have significant influence on urban scale.

Economic growth is an evolving complex system in Ethnic Minority Autonomous Regions (EMARs) of China. This article applies the system evolution analysis method in economic growth in EMARs, which based on the data from 2000-2011 and gets the following findings. Firstly, the temporal-spatial evolution of EMARs' economic structure sub-system has a longer volatility and more instability than before. Secondly, the effects of the financial expenditure and investment in fixed assets on economic growth of EMARs are gradually decreasing, and becoming seriously un-coordinated with the national one. Thirdly, the contribution of economic social function sub-system to economic growth tends to decrease in EMARs' internal system. Fourthly, EMARs' economic growth entirely depends on the cost of environmental degradation. Fifthly and finally, there is a clearly interactive and upward evolution tendency in a long-term view between EMARs' economic growth system and China's.

In this paper, a method to synthesize financial security index based on the principal component analysis is purposed, and does an empirical analysis of financial security situation of China, especially, the sources of financial risk under the New Normal, put forward the countermeasures for risk prevention. 16 financial indexes are selected, monthly data from 2004.1 to 2015,9 is used to do the empirical analysis, and synthesize the financial security index. In general view, the index is in line with the historical changing track of China’s financial security. Finally, it is pointed out that under New Normal strengthened coordination, and reform of the current financial supervision model are needed to adapted to the financial mixed operation reality.

Recently the economic development that is promoted by large-scale production is constrained by many factors in China. The economic growth mode switches to innovation driven is urgent. This paper discusses the innovation which guides the economic transformation. The following suggests rooted in market are proposed that are increasing high-tech stocks financing efforts, encouraging horizontal mergers to promote technology spreading, developing technology licensing and promoting industrial multi-level educations.

This article uses Chinese provincial panel data in 2000-2013 with the set of three kinds of spatial weight matrix and the spatial regression model partial derivatives method proposed by Lesage and Pace (2009) to empirically study space spillover effect of Chinese informational development on regional economic growth. The results show firstly China's provincial economic growth exists significant positive spatial correlation. Secondly, regional economic activities are under the influence of other regions that have similar spatial features. Thirdly, informationization has positive intra-regional spillover effect on economic growth under three kinds of spatial weight matrix and the range of spillover effect is between 0.18 and 0.25, but inter-regional spillover effect is not significant. Moreover, investment in fixed assets directly promotes economic growth but the effect of which is less than that level of informationization. And human resource does not play its due role in furthering regional economic growth while its potential should be unleashed to step further. Finally, the positive indirect effects of government expenditure balance the negative direct effects and therefore, its overall effect is positive.

The key of the economic transformation and growth power conversion is innovation under Supply side structural reform, and the subsidy is currently the main path of government to support the technology innovation. Based on Howitt and Aghion (1998) endogenous economic growth model, this article discusses the micro-mechanism of government R&D subsidy affecting the technological innovation of the enterprise and the quality of economic development. The results show that (1) government R&D subsidy accelerates the transformation of economic growth momentum from investment-driven to innovation-driven by encouraging enterprise innovation investment and technological progress.（2）the ability of government R&D subsidies to improve the quality of economic development is diversity from different ownership enterprises. Government R&D subsidies should guide enterprises to research on the key and core technology fields and encourage state-owned enterprises to play a leading role in the independent innovation and establish the coordinated sets of measures to support the enterprises really become a vital force to promote the development of economy with high quality and efficiency.

This thesis studies the spatial pattern of trade facilitation of countries in Silk Road Economic Belt by using space exploratory data analysis and spatial econometric regression model and geographically weighted regression model. The study found that distribution of national trade facilitation level space is not balanced. In total, the distribution from west to East is generally presented U-shaped along the Eurasian continent. From the impact of factors：trade facilitation as the key Main research index has positive correlation, Other indicators including Economic scale, population and openness have positive correlation, Dpgdp, distance have negative correlation; Further, the GWR model results show that there are spatial differences in the impact of relevant elements on trade.

轮胎产业作为传统制造工业，高碳排放贯穿于轮胎产品的整个生命周期。选用生命周期评价法，以子午轮胎产业为例，运用２０５／６５／Ｒ／１５型轮胎数据，对我国轮胎产业碳排放量进行了测算。实证结果显示，仅我国年生产的子午线轮胎在整个生命周期的ＣＯ２排放量高达３１６亿吨，且集中在使用阶段和生产阶段。因此，通过改善轮胎产品性能，加快研发与生产低碳环保的轮胎产品，建立产业共生网络，实现低能耗、低污染与低排放的低碳化转型是我国轮胎产业发展的必然选择。

Base on the empirical facts of China's economic development, this paper constructs an investment analysis model of enterprises, and there is a comparative analysis of the investment intensive about state-owned enterprises and private enterprises bases on the model. The study shows that state-owned enterprise investment is greater than usual because of the subsidy from government. When the economic downturn, if the subsidy is large enough, the investment intensity of the state-owned enterprises will not only wouldn’t decrease, on the contrary, increase, it has a positive effect on the economic growth. This paper verifies the inference of the theory model with the actual data of China’s economic development, and the empirical results are consistent with the inference. Therefore, from the perspective of investment promotion, a certain size of state-owned enterprises helps maintain the stable development of the economy.

Demand side management and supply side management are the means of macroeconomic management, and the two means play a major role alternately in different stages of economic development. There are many bottlenecks in the development of China's economy, including weak demand, constraints of resources and environment, subsiding of demographic dividend, dislocation between supply and demand, lack of technical progress, meanwhile, the marginal benefit of demand management policy is diminishing, and its side effect is accumulating, so it is necessary to carry out supply side reform and innovation to breakthrough path dependence of current growth mode, and to mine future dividends. Supply side reform is an inevitable choice for China to promote comprehensive reform and realize sustainable economic development.

Disequilibrium development states beteween cross-regional economic entities, whether we can develop it successfully or not depends on the effectiveness of regional collaboration. Baesd on the Synergetics, this paper studies synergetic development path of cross-regional low-carbon economy. It suggests that in the development of cross-regional low-carbon economy synergetic, the forming fundation of collaborative path contains collaboration of target, communication, culture and system；and promotes the synergetic development of cross-regional low-carbon economy by low-carbon technology, carbon emissions trading system, carbon footprint system and carbon increasing. Meanwhile, proposes some supportive approach, such as monitoring management, rewards and punishments, collaborative guarantee mechanism.

This paper constructs a theoretical model of fiscal sustainability based on the government’ intertemporal budget constraints, examines the fiscal sustainability with a time-varying cointegration model, and analyses the causal relationship between government revenues and expenditures using a nonlinear Granger causality test over the period of 1952-2015 in China. Empirical results suggest that the fiscal stance is sustainable, but the cointegration relationship between government revenue and expenditure is time-varying in different periods. In the periods of Asia financial crises in 1997, the cointegration coefficient between government revenue and expenditure fluctuates acutely; and in the periods of subprime crises and “new normal” for China economy, the cointegration coefficient between government revenue and expenditure is relatively stable. Therefore, in the period of “new normal”, the further expansion of fiscal deficit ratio won’t affect the fiscal sustainability. The fiscal adjustment is accordance with the “fiscal synchronization hypothesis”, and there is two-way relationship between government revenues and expenditures. In the long term, in order to ensure the sustainability of fiscal policy, the government needs to adjust the fiscal policy from positive to prudent according to the development of economic situation, and take action both on government revenue and expenditure to promote the fiscal stance adjust from unbalance to balance.

According to the World 2001-2011 data input-output table, we studyed the GVC of China's manufacturing industry ,and then reviews the effect of participation in GVC between skilled and unskilled labor .The study found that ,the higher participation of global value chain, the closer to downstream position in Global Value Chain cause larger wage gap; The subsample regression further show that the global value chain division with developing countries have highier positive effect on relative demand for skilled labor in our country than in developed countries; participation of global value chain of various industry promoting the relative demand for skilled labor but the international division of labor status index of high-tech industry, is insignificant in promoting relative demand for skilled labor.

Economic development in China came into a new normal, and the real estate industry which has a closely relationship with land factors is a pillar industry in China's economy, how is the relationships between the real estate industry, land factors and macroeconomic fluctuations and how the extent of the existing research. This paper uses literature research of dynamic general equilibrium (DSGE) model as the main line to do the research. From the department of the DSGE model, different exogenous shocks and real estate related policies on economic fluctuation effects the paper summarized the current design and transmission mechanism among them. Finally it makes the conclusion that add the real estate sector (or consider land factor) in the DSGE model is valuable and put forward 3 further research direction: (1) the determinants of house prices, land prices and the relationship between real estate industry and land factors are worth discussing; (2) to consider financial intermediation constraint conditions; (3) the basic parameters of the model set to be uniform standards.

By using data from 1985 to 2014, the paper builds a VAR model to empirically analyze the dynamic correlations among income disparity, consumption expenditure, and economic growth. It also discovers the significant influence factors and degrees to which they work by utilizing impulse response function and variance decomposition. Empirical results show that income disparity stimulates economic growth rate in short term only, but for the long term, it causes economic stagnation and is the main cause for potential middle income trap. Strong consumption demand steadily brings about middle-to-high level of economic growth rate, and it is mainly decided by economic advancement and reducing of Gini coefficient. China’s development condition basically is consistent with the trend of those countries that managed to cross middle income trap, that is, U shaped inflection point of consumption has been occurred between lower-middle and upper-middle income stages. Finally the conclusion has been made that policy makers should emphasize on nurturing domestic demand bonus that is led by residents consumption demand, only in this way can prevent excess production capacity as well as make our country avoid poverty trap, and eventually become high level income country.

Economic convergence hypothesis provides a time trend descriptions that developing countries narrow the gap with developed countries as well as countries to narrow the gap between regions. Research in this field has become a hot focus of economists and development economics research. The research work in economic growth and economic convergence will be reviewed systematically in this article . This article sorts out comprehensively and systematically on economic convergence’s meaning definition, theoretical foundation and empirical method, and then pay mach more attention to the research on the relationships between economic growth and the economic convergence, and alao the economic convergence’s features in China's economic five progressive growth stages. We believe that economic convergence has become a major issue of economic growth theory. It focuses on economic growth speed differences and its reasons, and also the differences in economic convergence motives because of the different data collection and research methods. This paper argues that future research attempts full considerations in country and area sample heterogeneity based on traditional model and discuss the influences when consider structural change factors such as financial structure as the economic convergence factors.

The automobile as second-largest carbon emission industry pressures for upgrading due to energy consumption and environment pollution. New energy vehicles have advantages in energy conservation and emission reduction have become the direction of the structural adjustment and new growth point in automotive industry. And the government subsidies have been playing an important role in promoting the development of new energy vehicles accomplish industrialization. Given this, we analyze the process of whether consumers chose buying new energy vehicles or not and whether government chose offering subsidies the consumers who buy new energy vehicles through building evolutionary game model between consumers and government. The results showed that there exist two local stability strategies under special conditions. Finally, we analyze the key factors which impact the stability of dynamic system and propose some related policy and measurement to push the strategy of evolutionary game converges to optimal goal for best maximize social welfare. Including the government should guide enterprises invent in new energy and in its infrastructure by financial subsidies, insist on the subsidies fall back mechanism, increasing subsidies range to the consumers who buying new energy vehicles in the short run, but from the long term, the financial subsidies should cancel and insist on market guidance and innovation motivate, in other word, survival of the fittest, then promote consumers’ cognition and preference on new energy vehicles though advertisement.

Regional economic development in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is gradually imbalances since the 1990s, and poverty region around Beijing and Tianjin is becoming more and more significant continually, and now the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei has been an official and private consensus. The paper constructed the GDP Index based on DMSP/OLS nighttime light, then empirically studied spillover effect of unbalanced economic development from its spatial pattern (by using Incremental Spatial Autocorrelation) and its patterning evolution (by using Multi-Distance Spatial Cluster Analysis), and quantified spillover effect in different distance of hot spots and cold spots of economic development. Results show that, 1) In different scales, the space time character of unbalanced economic development is similar overall, having 1992-1999 year and 2000-2013 year 2 periods, and 3 lots bounded by 60km and 100km. Administrative divisions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region have significant restricting effect on economic development imbalances since 2000s (no in 1992-1999), whose effect is weakening at 60-100km and is strengthening at 0-60km. 2) The Siphon Effect’s farthest distance of unbalanced economic development is about 200km, whose the most significant distance is 70-90km. 3) The spillover effect of both hot spots and cold spots in different distances is rather significant. The farthest distance of cold spots’ negative spillover effect is about 130km. And hot spots’ positive spillover effect exists outside 120km stably, and in 120km just is its negative spillover effect, where its polarity effect is rather significant. Results and the inference may have some theory and practice advises to accelerate the process of the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.

In the regional economic perspective, this paper follows the model of Eaton and Kortum (2002) and uses the import and export of the country's gross domestic product (GDP), absolute advantage , comparative advantage and distance, building an equation similar to the gravity model. Studies have shown that the distance between trading countries, sharing boundary, regional trade agreements PTA affected bilateral trade flows. Prices, wages and technology is the main factor affecting the relative competitiveness and trade openness. A country can promote development potential by actively participating in regional trade agreements and raising the level of technology.

The intergenerational income mobility problem is relative to equality of the society as well as the opportunity. This problem comes to the public and becomes a hot point of research as the trend of decreasing of intergenerational income mobility in China recently. The research concludes by reviewing the literature that there are three routes to realize the intergenerational income mobility: the property transfer, the human resources investment and the environment inertia, each of which effects the property income or the salary income. According the three routes, some suggestions are put forward to improve the intergenerational income mobility.

Key counties for national poverty alleviation and development plan is employed as policy experimental field of regional poverty alleviation and development boost in China. China conducts this important strategy for promoting regional balance and achieving common prosperity, the effectiveness of this strategy, however, still need to be verified. By using the panel data of 1992 counties from 1999 to 2010 in China and the difference in difference-propensity score matching (PSM-DID) method, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of the policy. This paper argues that the policy has not effectively promoted the growth of the GDP and per capita GDP of these key counties, it also failed to eliminate the inequality between regions. Instead, the paper finds out these counties are suffering from the “policy failure”. Further research shows that the implementation of the policy makes the driving factors such as industrialization being squeezed out and the proportion of the third industry increased, which leads to a wider regional gap. These findings can provide some guides for amending this important policy and for the establishment of other related strategies.